Placing Blame for the My Lai Massacre

â€Å"As you can appreciate, our Army is faced with a tremendous challenge here in Vietnam. Initially our soldiers were committed strictly in an advisory role, and as such the number required was relatively small. But now it has become necessary to commit more and more US troops to actual combat. It is necessary therefore that our training programs in the United States be oriented toward the type of fighting we are involved in today in this country† (Westmoreland). From 1959-1975, America was involved in a prolonged conflict to prevent the spread of communism.Opposing forces were attempting to unify Vietnam under a communist government. In 1954, at the Geneva conference, Vietnam was divided at the 17th parallel, splitting the country into communist North Vietnam and non-communist South Vietnam. Communist sympathizers in South Vietnam formed the Viet Cong to use guerilla warfare against their fellow South Vietnamese. Fighting among the Viet Cong and South Vietnamese continued. When the North Vietnamese fired directly into two US ships in March of 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson ordered the first US ground troops to Vietnam.The original goal of US involvement in Vietnam was to aid the South’s defense until they could fight for themselves. As it turned out, this was not the outcome (Vietnam War). There are several questions surrounding the Vietnam War, many of which are still unanswered. For years, Americans have posed the following question: â€Å"Why did our soldiers attack hundreds of unarmed South Vietnamese in the My Lai village in March 1968? † United States soldiers shot, beat, and burned innocent unarmed farmers, women, and children. Why was this allowed to happen?Anytime a country goes into war, brutality is expected; casualties are expected. But when this brutality and these casualties come at the expense of 400 innocent Vietnamese, we must ask why. Although most do not condone what happened on March 16, 1968, those soldiers cannot be held responsible for several reasons: the Vietnamese were treating the US soldiers in the same manner, Americans had dehumanized the Vietnamese people, soldiers were unsure of who exactly the enemy was, and the orders they received were vague, soldiers were unaware that they could question authority.The My Lai incident on March 16, 1968 was purely a â€Å"military crime of obedience† (Newman). American soldiers are accustomed to being treated poorly by the natives of an occupied country, but it still influenced the actions that occurred on March 16. Lieutenant William Calley testified about the violent, unnecessary assaults that South Vietnamese soldiers carried out. A radio operator was killed in the first Pinkville assault when â€Å"the bullet just took his entire kidney out,† Calley explained (Who is Responsible†¦). Six innocent Vietnamese women were gunned down on their way to the market by South Vietnamese police.After an assault that killed six men and left another wounded, Calley says that â€Å"it instilled a deeper form of hatred toward the enemy† (Who is Responsible†¦). These brutal acts all occurred at the hand of the people our soldiers thought they were helping. How can these nineteen year old soldiers be expected to react to these violent actions with anything other than more violence? Possibly due to the poor treatment of soldiers, Americans began to dehumanize the Vietnamese people. There are two qualities that make someone â€Å"human†, identity and community.The Vietnamese were simply not considered human beings anymore (Kelman and Hamilton). The American soldiers had come to believe that every man and every woman were Viet Cong and every child would grow up with Viet Cong ideals. Lieut. Calley wrote â€Å"I had no love for these people now. I did have a few weeks earlier, but it had been slowly driven out† (Sack 80). In the same work he says that a captain said to him: â€Å"I sit with my st arlight scope, and I see VC at this village every night. I could go home if I could eliminate it† (Sack 84).When all the South Vietnamese became Viet Cong instead of living, breathing, feeling people, soldiers no longer saw killing them as murder, but as a necessity. When veterans talk about Vietnam, they often talk about trying to find Charlie. Who is Charlie? Unfortunately, our soldiers did not know who this allusive Charlie was either. General W. C. Westmoreland, named by President Johnson to command all forces in Vietnam, knew his task was daunting. How could he root out and kill enemy forces when they could be any Vietnam citizen? Westmoreland says, in a letter to Lt. Col. Lewis L.Millet, â€Å"Here we have an enemy who operates covertly. The battlefield is everywhere-no front to it nor rear. The enemy is here today and fine tomorrow. He moves at night, concentrates, attacks, and then he disappears into the wilderness of a jungle or into the landscape when reaction force s are brought to bear† (Westmoreland, par 3. ) Here we have the commander of all US troops in Vietnam and he admits that they do not know who the enemy is. Twenty-year-old Bob Leahy writes home to his family and explains that when one is in a combat situation, a chance cannot be taken on whether or not a citizen is VC or not.If one waits to find out whether the civilian is armed or just an innocent bystander, it could be too late (Leahy, par 2. ) In addition to my last three points, the orders that the soldiers were issued were extremely vague. Kelman and Hamilton claim written orders were never issued (par 6). All orders were passed by word of mouth; by the time they had traveled through Barker, Medina, Calley and finally to the soldiers, the only message that was conveyed was this: the Son My area must be destroyed (Kelman and Hamilton, par 7). Soldiers were under the impression that only VC would be in that village.The Peers Report, mentioned in Kelman and Hamilton’s composition â€Å"The My Lai Massacre: A Military Crime of Obedience,† said that it is â€Å"reasonable to conclude that LTC Barker’s minimal or nonexistent instructions concerning the handlings of noncombatants created the potential for grave misunderstandings† (par 7). These vague directions were destined to bring about poor results. Because of the ambiguity of the orders, our soldiers cannot be held responsible for the outcome of My Lai. In the time period of Vietnam, soldiers did not question their commander’s orders.It did not matter how absurd the orders were: they were carried out. Lt Calley explains, â€Å"For refusing in order in the face of the enemy, you could be sent to death† (â€Å"Who is Responsible†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). He also states that if he had known My Lai would turn out this way, he would have run from the draft and gone to jail instead (His Own Story, 85). Bob Leahy, in his letter home, says that if someone disobeyed orders, and My Lai was not released to the public, he would serve 5-10 years in Leavenworth Federal Prison for â€Å"cowardice in the face of the enemy or some trash like that† (par 7).As I have previously pointed out, the American forces were following orders when they went into the My Lai village of Son My and killed innocent civilians. Yes, the My Lai incident was a crime, but it was a military crime of obedience. Lieutenant Colonel Barker and his staff planned the Son My raid as a search and destroy mission. Captain Medina was briefed on vague orders and in turn told his men. Lieutenant Calley and other soldiers are not responsible for the events that transpired on March 16, 1968. But perhaps their leaders are.Obeying orders from a lieutenant colonel is not an offense or a crime-it is a custom. Although the My Lai massacre was a horrific event that occurred at the hand of American soldiers, they are not to blame. It was merely a crime of obedience, even though the orders were vague and the soldiers did not know that they could or should question orders. Americans had dehumanized the Vietnamese people, and were very angry. Bob Leahy uses the following analogy: â€Å"If you enrage and tease a lion, and then an innocent person comes along and pets the lion, the innocent person will be mauled† (War Letters, par 4).He says â€Å"This is war and I’ll give a news flash to everyone back in the states-they’re playing for keeps over here. You cannot ask a man to risk her own life and chance of going home in one piece for a Vietnamese civilian who might not have a weapon. Especially when, as in My Lai, they were told only enemy troops and their families lived in the village. It is asking too much† (par 5). Could there have been a different outcome that day? Maybe, maybe not. What was the one true cause of the My Lai massacre? Will we ever know?

Systems analysis and modeling: A macro to micro approach with multidisciplinary applications Essay

The recent price wars between mobile phone industries and supermarkets have been beneficial to the consumers as well as their respective industries. It can be argued that price wars enable customers to save their money, increase consumer utility and lead to great competition. However customers will only enjoy the benefits of price wars in the short-run, but the situation change in the long run. Price wars lead to decrease of prices, but it is essential to evaluate the effect of price decrease on consumer spending. The rationale of this paper is to examine the effect of price wars between mobile phone industries and the supermarkets. Findings and Analysis                  Price wars eliminate marginal players and alter the structure of the market. In case of price wars, few competitors will be willing to enter an unattractive market that greatly rely on low prices for success, and minor competitors leave the market because they are unable to make profits. In some cases, some firms might dominate in the market due to price wars; for example, acquisition of Macro foods by Woolworths in 2009. Price wars have a long-term effect on consumer preference, since consumers are left in a market with fewer players with greater authority. This case mostly applies to supermarkets. Price reduction by retailers weakens the brand investment made by producers (Wallner, 2001). Price wars between mobile phone industries and supermarkets have short-term benefits to the consumer, but they result to decrease in price which has a long-run impact to the consumer. Price cuts emanating from price wars alter consumer expectations for discounting and affect future pricing. Price reduction also affects the capacity of product distribution to small outlets such as bottle shops, local stores and convenience outlets. The price war between Britain’s dominant supermarkets has shifted into mobile market with major supermarkets reducing their prices by half. On the other hand, the rival mobile phone companies maintained that they offered the best price in the market. The mobile phone companies have announced price increase over the last few weeks; however supermarkets slashed down the price for mobile phone service. The supermarkets are able to take the opportunity cost of cutting the prices because they will gain back by selling high margin goods (Eweje & Perry, 201 1). There is price discrimination in calling rates because different mobile phone industries have different tarrifs. The pressure exerted in the markets makes the mobile phones to adjust their prices to attain market equilibrium. In order to understand the current micro and macro-business operations existing in the mobile phone industries and the supermarkets, it is imperative to analyze the social, political and economic structures. The reduction of interest rates by the government has greatly reduced the level of unemployment. In addition the purchasing capability of clients will increase because of the improved financial situation. However, the possibility of huge financial uncertainty will affect consumer spending especially while purchasing bonus products (Boyd, 2001) Analysis on current European demographics shows that there is an increasing trend of ageing population. There is low possibility of old generation to go shopping in the supermarkets as compared to the young generation. The internet literacy is at 65 years, although growing population considers online shopping as efficient. Macro environment is external to the business sector and they are uncontrollable factors that are beyond control by any organization (Forstater, 2007). Appropriate macro environment will enable supermarkets and mobile phone industries to make effective policies and strategies to make changes as well as coping up with changes in the current market. Micro environment on the other hand are the internal factors that mobile phone industries and supermarkets can control. Micro environment have direct impact to an organization because it directly affect its zsuccess and operations. Micro environment will affect an organization’s capacity to serve its clients. Therefore, before supermarkets and mobile phones industries decide on any corporate strategy, they need to appraise their micro environment. Micro environment include all departments existing in an organization and each of these department has a great effect on an organization marketing decisions. The other aspects that are included in micro environment are the publics and the customer market. Thus, mobile phones industries and supermarkets should understand their micro and macro environments so that they can make appropriate strategies that will affect both their success and operations (Wan, 2006).The law of demand and supply will help supermarkets and mobile phone industries to settle on a market equilibrium calling price. In an attempt to run from high calling cost from other mobile ser vice providers, customers ends up in the supermarkets which charges low prices to its mobile customers. However, supermarkets place price premiums on basic items so that they can substitute the low prices which had attracted the customers. It can be argued that, price wars benefit customers in the sort-run, but in the long run they greatly affect the customer (Krugman & Wells, 2009). The cost of mobile phones have fallen to such a level that if the trend carries on, mobile service will be more affordable to much larger parts of the emerging markets population. The price wars ensure that both the supermarkets and mobile phone industries keep checking on their prices so that they can maintain their profits as well as making profits. The supermarkets continue to increase their promotions while other rival companies such as Tesco hold that they will continue being aggressive. There are various factors that have led to the reduction in price of mobile phones. The cost of mobile phones is brought down by heavy subsidies from the government, high levels of competition as well as efforts from local manufacturers who set on selling entry-level phones. The price of mobile phones has been brought down by the anticipated growth of markets (Wessels, 2006). Mobile manufactures are focusing to sell their phones in the emerging markets such as Philippines, Nigeria and India. Mob ile phone manufactures have a great opportunity for the cheap phones to substitute feature phones in the emerging markets. Mobile phones manufactures face the problem of lack of operator subsidies in the emerging markets so that they can support the entry of these cheap mobile phones. As the cost of mobile phones continues to reduce, it is anticipated that emerging markets will receive an increasing number of cheap phones in future. However, there are different approaches of entry of cheap phones to the emerging markets. For example, it was anticipated that there will be a growth of 95% of smartphones in India in 2013, while it was 46% in Brazil. In Brazil the import duties was expected to hamper the cheaper supply effect. By examining the current situation, mobile phones manufacturers who will be able to cope up with the stiff competition in the modern market, will secure a strong stance in the future mobile phone market (Eweje & Perry, 2011). Technology advancement has enabled manufactures to device life-fitting mobile phones that are cheap and affordable. Mobile phones are a very crucial aspect in human daily lives because it enabled people to communicate, socialize and to spur development. Smartphones technology continues to be more prevalent in developed countries; however, the drop in price of phones has drastically changed the situation since smartphones are now more accessible in the emerging markets. Cheap mobile phones are very helpful to the emerging markets, since they will help to revolutionalize the lives of health-care professionals, farmers and educators in the developing nations. Lower price will definitely make smartphones more accessible in emerging products, but there is low internet connectivity in developing countries. Low internet penetration is a major hindrance of entry of cheap smartphones in emerging markets (Forstater, 2007). The high outlay of data plans hinders various people from accessing internet through their phone. There is also high rate of inflation and unemployment in emerging markets which is another hindrance of entry of cheap phones in these markets. Though mobile phones are essential in modern day lives, most people in emerging markets struggle to make their ends meet. In the efforts of developing cheap mobile phones in emerging markets, the issue of insufficient network infrastructure should also be addressed. Mobile network operators should focus on sustainability, where they should develop business structures that permit them to earn returns by bringing data networks to emerging markets (Worthington & Britton, 2006). The network connectivity can be provided by companies like Google; however, the cost imposed to the local economy would be huge. The attempt of brining solutions to the issue of network models in emerging markets, would have adverse effects to the local ecosystem as well as devastating impact to the mobile network operators who provide employment, and to the government who get remunerated for network licenses and use the funds for economic development. Apart from benefiting from cheap mobile phones, emerging will benefit from the internet connections plans that are just to be implemented. The emerging markets will get internet through microwave signals and fiber optics. The local governments will benefit from revenue collected from internet licenses. Conclusion                  Price wars between mobile phone industries and supermarket will benefit both the consumers as well as their respective industries. The price wars will lead to an increasing trend of the cost of mobile phones. The reduction of cost of mobile phones will enable more access of phones in emerging markets. Smartphones are more prevalent in developed countries where they have advanced the lives of farmers, health-care professionals among other people thus encouraging economic development. Emerging markets such as India, Nigeria and Philippines will receive more phones because manufacturers believe that there is a large market in developing nations. Mobile manufacturers have contributed a lot to development in the emerging markets for devising cheap phones that are affordable; however, they should also develop the internet model in the emerging markets. Lastly, cheap mobile will be of great benefit to the emerging markets since they will improve communication am ong other benefits. References Boyd,  D.  W. (2001). Systems analysis and modeling: A macro to micro approach with multidisciplinary applications. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Do consumers really benefit from the supermarket price wars? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.theage.com.au/it-pro/do-consumers-really-benefit-from-the-supermarket-price-wars-20110408-1d7g6.html Eweje,  G., & Perry,  M. (2011). Business and sustainability: Concepts, strategies and changes. Bingley, UK: Emerald Group. Forstater,  M. (2007). Economics. Chicago: Chicago Review Press. Krugman,  P.  R., & Wells,  R. (2009). Economics. New York: Worth Publishers. Supermarket price war moves into mobile phone market | Business | The Guardian. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/aug/20/telecoms.supermarkets Wallner,  K., & Centre for Economic Policy Research (Great Britain). (2001). Price wars in finite sequential move price competition. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research. Wan,  K.  K. (2006). From micro to macro quantum systems: A unified formalism with superselection rules and its applications. London: Imperial College Press. Wessels,  W.  J. (2006). Economics. Hauppauge, NY: Barron’s. Worthington,  I., & Britton,  C. (2006). The business environment. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Source document

Everyday Use Analytical Essay - 973 Words

Characterization is used to address how ignorant a person can be to his or her heritage in the short story â€Å"Everyday Use,† by Alice Walker. The author shows the way of living, of a family to display the reader the way heritage is forgotten and, or ignored. In this short story the author uses a mother, and two daughters, Dee and Maggie, to demonstrate how different the thoughts are between a family and how they honor their heritage. Maggie is used in the story to show the reader how heritage is still followed and respected in a family. The narrator, Mama, describes Maggie’s appearance as not a so good looking girl. She is a burned child from an incident the family had: â€Å"[T]hat fire that burned the other house to the ground† (Mama). Mama†¦show more content†¦She plays both the father and the mother’s role to her two daughters. The narrator stated, â€Å"I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing† (Mama). This informs the reader that there is no man in the house to do this; therefore, the narrator has to do it. Also, Mama is uneducated. Mama said, â€Å"After second grade the school was closed down† (Mama). The narrator stated this in order to let the reader know that the last grade completed by her was second grade and to show how low of an education she has. It also informs the reader how heritage is followed, since only one of her daughters is going to school. In the short story, Mama’s relationship with her daughters is shown to be different from one daughter to the other. Mama mostly always favored Dee, and has good hopes for her future: â€Å"[W]e raised money, the church and me, to send her to Augusta to school† (Mama). This informed the reader that Mama would put Dee on top, and then Maggie on bottom. Although Mama preferred Dee, she would spend most of her time with Maggie and got along better with her. The narrator always talked about how Dee would make her mother and her sister Maggie’s self esteem go down: â€Å"She washes us in a river of make believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Mama). The reader can understand how superior Dee was to her sister and mother and how she would put them down. Dee on the other hand is described in the short story as a strong and selfish girl.Show MoreRelatedReflection On My Work Progress1613 Words   |  7 Pageswriting and its overall material. In high school it was important for me to complete my essays by answering the questions that I was given, but in college, students go more into depth such as focusing on grammar, and well structured ideas that flow along with rich analytical content. After I was given my first assignment I was pushed to improve my overall work by focusing on structure and developing analytical content. 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All three tasks have certain similarities that according to Lee (2004) they are close to everyday life situations; enable the students to use as much L2 as possible. On the other hand, Sook (2003) research in Korean schools shows that teachers opt for such speaking assessment tasks that gave less psychologi cal burden to students, were less time consuming and did notRead MoreA Love Relationship with Reading1146 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cause and Effect Relationship of a Love for Reading I. Reading Increasing Your Knowledge A. Enhancing Overall Vocabulary B. Increasing Analytical Thinking C. Allowing the Mind to Grow II. Helping Decrease Daily Stress A. Allowing us to Relax B. Improving our Self-Esteem C. Escaping to Other Places III. Evolving Naturally Into Writing A. Reading Naturally Extends to Writing B. Learning from Better Writers and Authors C. 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Over the pass week we have been working on the review essay as a team together and I got to say the essay are much harder than I thought it would be. We able to pick our own subject and write about it. The main goal is to inform the reader to take a look further at the subject using non-bias, scholarlyRead MoreMy Writing A Perfect Paper1764 Words   |  8 Pagesthat includes a well-organized text filled with rich analytical sentences. In the beginning of the semester I constantly worried about the structure of my writing and its overall material. In high school it was important for me to complete my essays by answering the questions that I was given, but in college, students go more into depth. College students are required to focus on grammar, and well-structured ideas that flow along with rich analytical content. 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Comparison of Two Texts, “One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest”...

Comparison of two texts, â€Å"One flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest† and â€Å"To Kill a Mocking Bird† | How do the authors of To Kill a Mockingbird and One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest use literary techniques to explore the concepts of isolation? Isolation and courage in the form of racism and discrimination is an analogous concept explored in Harper Lee’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird and Ken Kesey’s novel One flew over the cuckoo’s nest. The authors exemplify the conflicts of isolation displayed by the protagonists and glorifies a broad range of literary techniques to foreshadow the ideas contrasted within the novels. The historical, cultural and social values of society are prefigured throughout the novels displaying the author’s ideas and†¦show more content†¦1962 was known as the freedom summer, which developed the fight for civil rights among black people in the US and worldwide. This historical setting of One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest influenced the ideologies throughout the inscription of this novel. Ken Kesey developed his conceptual ideas of isolation through the setting of the characters. These concepts are developed through the protagonists, B Randle Patrick McMurphy an d Nurse Ratchet. McMurphy challenges all aspects of rules and regulations within the psychiatric ward. McMurphy’s rebellion forces the reader to observe his understanding of insanity. The ward is a metaphor of a social statement being made by the author, perceiving society as the same as the ward; controlled, under authority and McMurphy is an example of chaos, change, and hope for the patients within the ward itself. â€Å"I hide in the mop closet and listen, my heart beating in the dark, and I try to keep from getting scared, try to get my thoughts off someplace else-try to think back and remember things about the village and the big Columbia River† , (chapter 1, lines page, 121, line 23). McMurphy’s actions throughout the novel are foreshadowed thus positioning the reader to question if he’s truly insane â€Å"And the third boy mutters, Of course, the very nature of this plan could indicate that he [McMurphy] is simply a shrewd con man, and not menta lly ill at all. Chapter 2, Line.1, .Page 32-37).

Top Public Management Essay Samples Choices

Top Public Management Essay Samples Choices Other folks give advice on employee medical care benefits and the selection procedure to safeguard assets. Continuous excellent improvement plays an important function to the livelihood and survival of the whole organization. Generally speaking, social science research, a scientific research, applies similar research methodologies the exact same as different forms of research like marketing research that's inherent with both quantitative strategy and qualitative strategy, clinical research that is emphasized on specific areas like pharmaceutical, chemical, health care research, and so forth. Today the healthcare systems are utilizing a wide selection of RFID applications to boost the general performance of their industry. Urban management denotes the administration of government services. The strategic manager is required to get understanding of assessment methods in addition to having a sense to coordinate the practice of evaluation. For the Flourishment of a company, it is extremely important to keep professionalism with full-time management. Accounting is critical to a small business. Getting the Best Public Management Essay Samples Public officials must think of the most potent and efficient solutions in order to lower the crimes in the place. Though government leaders and public administrators would rather prevent crises entirely, they need to possess the capability to predict and plan for potential catastrophes in case they come to fruition. At length, the detail of true speech makes the scene pop. Infant feeding practices refer generally to fulfill the nutritional and immunological needs of the infant. It is very important to make your paper look professional. Inside my opinion, it's not possible to talk separately about effectiveness, efficiency, and accountability, because they are complementary concepts. The very first and possibly the major problem it hasn't been noticed. Studying public administration may be an extremely rewarding experience for everyone seeking to give back to their community by solving difficult issues. You might also get in contact with your writer to supply some extra recommendations or request information concerning the order's progress. Moreover, you know where to search for reliable info. When employing a template for a guide, always make sure it's applicable to the study that you're practicing or the academic area or discipline at which you will use your academic essay. Be alert to your instructor's requirements Before you select a topic, you should request detailed instructions. An academic letter is not only a document that can showcase your mastery when it has to do with a distinct academic subject. The important thing here is to know yourself. The previous component is strategies that is a sequence of deeds that'll be pursued to be able to attain an objective. Ok, I Think I Understand Public Management Essay Samples, Now Tell Me About Public Management Essay Samples! Remember that the absolute most time-consuming step is researching. Successful bids take a great deal of time and effort, and should you haven't written one before, it can be a difficult task. The Birth of Public Management Essay Samples The simplest way to find out the form of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. While everyone needs to be different, personal statement examples can help you brainstorm ideas and provide you with somewhere to get started. There are difference contexts that may be used within the identical subject so that you need to make certain you will be clear in regards to identifying the section of the topic that you're going to chat about. The second explanation is the subsequent. Inside my opinion, it would be proper. Do the exact same with opinions you don't support. Add more facts if necessary. Select an opinion of a huge group of individuals. There's quite a few essays completed by them. You will need to understand how to compose an effective essay as it is a typical foundation for a student's grade. Don't forget, an admission essay sample may be a good way to find out more about the writing procedure and understand the task better. Gets you would like to compose top mba programs. Bridget's essay is quite strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that could be made better. Stephen's essay is rather effective. In this piece, you are going to get familiar with the actions to writing an argumentative essay. These seven sample essays respond to a selection of thought-provoking questions. What You Don't Know About Public Management Essay Samples Public sector realizes the importance of the state and understands that political and skilled function perform a different part in the government. Figure out the number of revisions you must squeeze in before the last day. It's very useful to take writing apart as a way to see just the way that it accomplishes its objectives. Even more important is the terrific range of government activities, affecting the whole economic and social structure of the nation. Each individual sees public administration in various ways, but all of us wants to reside in a state where his opinion is taken into consideration. Allow it to sit for a couple days untouched.

Illegal Immigration free essay sample

What Are The Negatives of Illegal Immigration in The U. S.? 1 . ) What I already know (and dont know) about my topic I know that illegal immigration is a big topic that is always talked about in the United States. I know that some people believe it is a big problem, but others dont think it is a problem at all. I know that illegal aliens come to our county for many different reasons. Some of them include work, to get a better life, or to escape a dangerous homeland. These immigrants have to come to this country illegally because the process to come legally is long and they may never be granted citizenship. I know that them coming to our country is hurting our economy. They come here and get jobs that could be going to unemployed U. S. citizens, and since they arent citizens they dont pay taxes that all true citizens have to pay. Also they send a lot of the money they make back to their homeland and it never goes back into the U. S. economy. I know that our government spends a lot of money hiring border patrol and buying equipment to help keep these illegal aliens from getting across the border, and the money that pays for this comes out of the legal citizens taxes. If these illegal mmigrants come to our country and need medical care the hospitals are legally required to give them the medical care they need and hardworking American citizens pay for their care with our taxes. What I dont know is how much these illegal aliens actually cost the economy. I dont know much about the immigrants trip to get to the United States. I want to know the details about their Journey and how that impacts the legal Americans that live right around the border where these immigrants are crossing, and how it affects people from all over the rest of the United States. I want o know if the Jobs that these illegal immigrants are getting are actually taking them away from legal citizens or are these Just the Jobs that the Americans dont want to work. Is all the money that they make here illegally being sent back to Mexico or where ever they come from or do they help our economy and spend it here? I want to know if the dangerous trip here is actually worth risking your life to make it to the U. S. 2. ) Why I want to answer this question You hear about this problem being talked about by almost everyone. You can turn on the news and see something pertaining to illegal immigration in our country. They ven have TV shows now that are all about border patrol and catching these illegals. I want to know how it directly affects me, and I want to know what is being done to prevent this and what can be done to make it worth going the legal route instead of sneaking across the border. 3. ) The story of my search I began my research while sitting in my dorm. I was lying around procrastinating and watching TV. The guide channel was on and I saw a show called Border Wars. I thought to myself might as well watch it, it should be an easy way to do research. While watching this show it was amazing to me how many men, women, and children ctually try to cross the border every day. According to the show thousands of illegals attempt to cross the border illegally every day (Border Wars). What I also found so interesting is how they cross. They would come up with some of the craziest ways that I would never think of. One of the ways that this show pointed out was they immigrants over the fence with the crane and set them down on the other side. The show also pointed out that people were digging tunnels that went from the Mexican side of the border under the fence and they would come up in a house on the U. S. side. Most of them however Just walk across the border and try to stay hidden by the cover of darkness. The trip over is no easy one, it is very dangerous and they cross a lot of tough terrain. In the past year there have been over 200 immigrants found dead that were trying to cross the border. Many immigrants try to cross our border illegally every day but how much do the aliens actually cost the U. S. citizens? Many people dont realize how much money illegal aliens actually cost legal citizens in the U. S. According to the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), illegal mmigration cost tax payers $113 billion a year at the federal, state, and local level (Illegal Immigration). The majority of this goes to paying for the education of the illegals children. Another big part of this number being this high is the medical cost of all the aliens. If they get hurt they can go to the hospital and get treated. Since they are illegal they will most likely not pay their bill, and all the legal citizens are stuck paying for their medical care. Also hiring border patrol and getting high tech equipment is a big cost to the people in America. The government has to get motion ameras, infrared cameras, helicopters, and many other supplies to keep the crossing of illegals to a minimum. The illegals are not helping pay hardly any of this because they dont pay taxes, and the ones that do pay taxes get most of it back in refunds. According to the Center for Immigration studies illegals pay much less in taxes than do legal citizens. The numbers show that illegals pay around $1 ,3710n average in income taxes while legal citizens are paying o average $7,103 yearly (Camarota, Steven). People always complain about taxes being too high and illegal immigrants play a part in this problem. Immigration is also a danger to people living near the border and to the immigrants themselves. People who live near the border have to come in contact with these illegals who could want to do anything possible to make it into our country; some might even resort to harming them. Also with the illegals coming drug smugglers are also crossing our border to get there drugs sold. These drug runners can be very dangerous and willing to do anything to not get caught. They are willing to do anything because the cartels that are having them bring the drugs could be threatening them or their families to do so. A story of this posted by ABC News said that a border patrol agent was shot in the back and killed during an altercation with drug smugglers. In the article ABC News stated 40 year old Brian Terry was shot in the back and killed while pursuing drug smugglers. He was with a team of three other men when they approached the men and they opened fire. Terry was able to shoot one of the men but then was shot from behind. He was life-flighted to the hospital but had passed away in route. The other border agents were able to apprehend four of the suspects but one of them happened to escape (Hossford, Matt). This Just goes to show you that some of these people crossing our border illegally can be very dangerous. It is dangerous for the immigrants because of the terrain that they have to cross and also because of the cartels. Many of the immigrants that cross the border do so with the help of the cartels. They charge the immigrants a big fee to get them here and if immigrants dont pay them in full they members of the immigrant. This also causes a big threat to the men and women working for the border patrol, they face dangerous situations every day when dealing with the problem of illegal immigration. How do we solve the problem of our dangerous borders and illegal immigration? One way to help solve the illegal immigration problem is to allow more immigrants to come into our country legally per year. According to the Immigration and Nationality Act the United States allows 675,000 legal immigrants to gain citizenship per year (Wasem, Ruth). If this number was raised then less people would have to cross the border illegally each year. Another way we could prevent this problem is to build a fence that covers the whole border. However this would be a very expensive build and many people dont think it ould be affective. Part of the border with Mexico already does have a fence and illegal aliens still manage to cross it in various ways. Also a way to solve this problem would be to allow more immigrants to get into the country on work visas. If they would allow more work visas immigrants would be able to make money to send back to their families and they would be paying taxes that could help support the U. S. economy instead of doing all their work under the table. . ) What I learned After completing all my research on the topic of illegal immigration from Mexico I ave learned a lot of valuable information. One of the most valuable pieces of info I learned about was how the immigrants will take any measures necessary to get into our country even if it means risking their own lives. Another thing that I learned while do ing my research is the actual number of immigrants that cross the border every year. I believe that this number is so high because there is no real punishment if you get caught crossing the border. All that will happen to you is you will be sent back to your homeland. I learned that the number of legal immigrants allow into the country s kind of a low number so a lot of these immigrants dont have the chance to be allowed legal citizenship. I also learned that the immigrants that make this effort to cross have a very hard and dangerous Journey. It was surprising to me how many of them died on their trip to the United States. I think this number is probably higher than what we know; there are probably many illegals that die on their Journey and are never found. It was also interesting to me how little illegal immigrants pay in taxes each year compared to legal U. S. citizens.

This is what it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona

Table of Contents Introduction Understanding the Symbolism in the Story Understanding the Role of Thomas Builds-the-Fire Underlying Point in the Story Introduction The story â€Å"This is what it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona† contains various symbolic elements and phrases representing the decline of the Native American culture and the gradual loss of traditions in favor of modernity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on This is what it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This can be seen in phrases such as â€Å"who does have money on a reservation except the cigarette and fireworks people† and the symbolism attached to the scene involving the utter desolation of life when traversing Nevada which used to be an area with a rich Native American tradition. In fact it can even be said that the story itself is seemingly trying to indicate that the latest generation of Native Am ericans are in fact distancing themselves from various aspects of their culture. This can be seen in the general treatment of Thomas Builds-the-Fire who is symbolic of the rich oral tradition that the Native Americans once possessed. The general teasing, cruelty, and even avoidance of Thomas due to his habit of telling stories is actually indicative of the current state of affairs of the Native American people who in successive generations have begun to embrace a more â€Å"modern† way of existence abandoning old traditions and cultural motifs in favor of embracing the American way of life. A detailed examination of the actions and behaviors of Thomas and Victor are indicative of the fact that both characters are actually methods of symbolism with Thomas symbolizing the past tradition and culture of the Native American people while Victor represents the current path that this race is now treading. What must be understood though is that while the story contains thematic elemen ts of the decline of traditions and the embracing of modernity such concepts are not the true essence of the story. The title of the story itself hints at the fact that the journey undertaken by Victor and Thomas is not one that elaborates on the decline of the Native American culture but is rather indicative of a form of rebirth. Understanding the Symbolism in the Story There are 3 primary symbolic elements that should be taken into consideration in order to understand the rebirth analogy that is at the heart of the story, these elements are: the word Phoenix, heat and ashes. The use of the word â€Å"Phoenix† is important to take note of since not only does it mean the name of a place but it is actually symbolic of a form of rebirth. The Phoenix as noted in various mythologies around the world is a creature that when it knows its death is near creates a nest of twigs from which it bursts into intense flames and is reborn from the ashes. In the story we see such elements in the form of Victor going to Phoenix, Arizona in order to collect the ashes of his father and it is also mentioned several times in the story of how hot it was. This fulfills 3 symbolic elements of rebirth namely the Phoenix, intense heat and ashes.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is mentioned by Thomas towards the end of the story that he had a vision of casting the ashes into Spokane Falls causing them to turn into a salmon which is also a form of rebirth. It must be noted that research into Native American cultural concepts reveals that death and rebirth factors heavily into their oral tradition with resulted in the belief that people are either reincarnated as other people or as animals, thus its symbolic use in the story is not at all divergent from traditionally held concepts of this particular culture. Understanding the Role of Thomas Builds-the-Fire When examining the story from start to finish it becomes apparent that the life of Victor is in turmoil, he has recently lost his job and his father just died which facilitates the various events and conflicts seen in the story. What must be understood is that the role of Thomas throughout the story is not just as a mere companion to Victor but rather as a method of rebirth. While various simplistic interpretations of the story may focus on the concept of the fostering of friendship and the development of bonds a more accurate description would be to state that Thomas was the fire that helped to kindle the flame in Victor to help facilitate his rebirth. It was even stated towards the end of the story that it would be unlikely that Thomas and Victor could ever truly become friends thus making any interpretation of the story along the lines of the development of friendship fallacious. Further justification that the role of Thomas as a means of rebirth can be seen in his very name â€Å"Thomas Build s-the-fire†, while not in a literal sense Thomas did build the fire of rebirth in Victor by helping him obtain what was lost namely memories about his father, helping Victor come to terms with his own life and towards the end apparently enables Victor to grasp the ashes of his own life and start anew. In this instance Thomas lives up to his namesake as builder of fire yet what he ignites was not a literal fire but rather a fire of understanding, purpose, and above all hope. Underlying Point in the Story When examining the relationship between Thomas and Victor in the story as well as its conclusion one cannot help but think of the symbolism between traditional Native American culture and the apparent antagonism it has with the new path that the Native American people are taking. Throughout various parts of the story it can be read through various symbolic phrases that the author is trying to convey the fact that modern day Native Americans are becoming increasingly hostile tow ards old traditions, foregoing ancient traditions for more modern day beliefs and cultural attitudes as it can be seen in the various reactions of Victor towards the statements of Thomas.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on This is what it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Yet, what Sherman Alexie is trying to convey in this particular instance is the fact that there need not be any form of hostility between the two, rather co-existence can be achieved. He even goes so far as to imply that the addition of cultural traditions into modern day attitudes would result in an apparent rebirth as it can be seen in the case of Victor. Thomas, as it can be seen, represents the traditional aspects of Native American culture while Victor represents the modern, it is only when the traditional helps the modern that the result is an apparent rebirth into something that was better than before. This, I b elieve, is what is at the heart of the story wherein the author is trying to convey the message that modern day Native Americans need not let go of traditions in order to achieve what is for them a modern existence, rather, by incorporating aspects of the traditional with the modern a new and grand rebirth could occur resulting in a better Native American population. This essay on This is what it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona was written and submitted by user Renee Buchanan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.